MOSCOW, Dec. 5 —The Soviet Union, asserting that its security interests are affected by the Indian ‐ Pakistani war, warned Pakistani leaders today that they were assuming “grave responsibility” by pursuing the “dangerous course” of conflict with India.

The Kremlin, which signed a treaty of friendship with India last Aug. 9 and has sent large new arms shipments to New Delhi within the last month, also cautioned all other governments not to intervene in the war in any way.

In a statement issued through Tass, the Soviet press agency, Moscow asserted its belief that “the governments of all countries should refrain from steps signifying in one way or an other their involvement in the conflict and leading to a further aggravation of the situation” on the Indian subcontinent.

Warning to China Seen

This comment, coinciding with a sharp new ideological attack on Peking today, was seen as intended primarily to dissuade China from any potential involvement, especially a repetition of the, Chinese attacks on India in 1962, was issued at. 4 P.M., only hours after a British press report quoted the Chinese Premier, Chou En‐lai, as having said in an interview last month that in the event of War Peking would firmly support Pakistan.

The Soviet statement was regarded as a natural consequence of the Soviet‐Indian treaty of friendship, interpreted at the time of its signing as a pledge that Moscow would back. India in the event of a conflict over East Pakistan.

There were no indications, however, that the Russians were about to intervene in the fighting, despite the language of the friendship treaty, which calls for the two powers, in the event of attack, to “enter immediately into mutual consultations in order to remove such a threat and to take appropriate effective measures to in sure peace and the security of their countries.”

Kosygin In Scandinavia

With Premier Aleksei N. Kosygin continuing his trip to Scandinavia and Leonid I. Brezhnev, the Communist party leader, arriving today in Poland for a party congress there, Moscow seemed not unduly worried for the time being that the war would spread beyond India and Pakistan.

In keeping with Soviet diplomatic tactics at the United Nations, the Soviet statement ex pressed hope for “the speediest ending of the bloodshed” but notably refrained from any call for a cease‐fire until the political issues in East Pakistan were satisfactorily settled. It took sharp issue with the positions of Washington and Peking, which have blamed India. Moscow held that Pakistani repression of Bengalis in East Pakistan was to blame for the troubles.

“The Soviet Union,” the statement said, “cannot remain indifferent to the developments, considering also the circumstance that they are taking place in direct proximity to the borders of the U.S.S.R. and, therefore; involve its security interests.”